What do the most common HTTP status codes mean?
200 means OK, 301 is permanent redirect, 302 is temporary redirect, 404 is not found, 410 is gone (intentionally removed), 500 is server error, 502 is bad gateway, 503 is service unavailable, and 504 is gateway timeout. For SEO, 200 and 301 pass equity, while 404, 500, and 503 do not. 410 tells Google the page is permanently gone and triggers faster deindexing than 404. Status codes are the foundation of crawl behavior, monitor them after every deploy.
Why does my site return 200 in the browser but 503 in the status checker?
Common causes are bot blocking via WAF rules, Cloudflare or similar services serving challenge pages to non-browsers, server-side rate limiting, or scheduled maintenance pages that detect Googlebot user agent. The status checker may be sending a different User-Agent or coming from an IP that triggers protection. Test with custom User-Agent (Googlebot to mimic search crawlers) and check your WAF logs for blocked requests. False 503s appearing to crawlers can deindex pages within days.
Should I use 404 or 410 for deleted pages?
Use 410 (Gone) when you know the page is permanently removed and will not return; Google deindexes 410s 1-2 weeks faster than 404s. Use 404 (Not Found) for unknown URLs or when you might restore the content later. For migrated content, always use 301 instead, never 404. The distinction matters for pruning low-quality pages: deliberately 410-ing thin content removes it from the index quickly and signals editorial intent rather than accidental breakage.
How many redirects does Google tolerate before giving up?
Google now follows up to 10 hops in a redirect chain, but quality and crawl efficiency drop sharply after 3 hops. Each hop dilutes user experience by adding latency. Aim for direct 1-hop redirects always, even when consolidating multiple legacy URLs. Browsers typically give up at around 20 hops with a "too many redirects" error, but you should never approach that limit. Audit redirect chains regularly using a status checker that follows redirects and reports hop count.
What does a 5xx response mean for SEO?
Repeated 5xx responses signal server problems and can lead to deindexing if they persist beyond 24-48 hours. Google will retry over days, but if the problem is sustained, the URL is dropped from the index until it recovers. Use 503 with a Retry-After header for planned maintenance under 24 hours, which Google explicitly understands as temporary. For longer outages, redirect to a status page or accept that traffic and rankings will dip until the site is back.
How often should I scan my site for status code issues?
Crawl your full site weekly for small sites and monthly for very large ones. Always re-crawl after major changes: theme updates, migrations, plugin installs. Tools like Screaming Frog, Sitebulb, and Ahrefs Site Audit list all URLs by status code. Pay special attention to internal links pointing to 404s and 5xx (which waste crawl budget and frustrate users), and pages with chained redirects (which dilute equity). Fix high-traffic pages first based on Search Console click data.